Immune cells that recognize self antigens (e.g. insulin), but are functionally silent, can trigger autoimmune diseases such as diabetes.

Berberine, an herbal remedy for diarrhea and intestinal parasites, may be useful in colon cancer therapy.

The factor IRF6 plays important roles in the development of the tongue.

The factor STAT6 appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of an inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting it may be a promising target for new treatments.

Adult cells in the pancreas can return to a less mature state – and then become a different cell type, like the beta cells that secrete insulin.

The HIF oxygen-sensing pathway and its responses to low oxygen may be targeted for treatments of anemia and disorders of iron balance.

The kidney can mediate its own repair through proliferation of resident immune system cells.